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Diffuse Background

The diffuse background refers to the uniform radiation field that fills the universe, which can be observed in various wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. According to the search results:

* The Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) is a long-sought fossil of energetic processes associated with structure formation and chemical evolution since the Big Bang.
* The Far-Infrared Background is well measured from 140 micron to 1 mm, but uncertainties remain at 100 micron and even more at 60 micron, dominated by limitations of the zodiacal model.
* The Diffuse Gamma Ray Background is predicted to be virtually uniform on the sky and potentially observable as a signal from dark matter annihilation.

These backgrounds are thought to originate from various sources, including:

* Energetic processes associated with structure formation and chemical evolution
* Dark matter annihilation
* Zodiacal model limitations

Note that the search results do not provide a comprehensive explanation of the diffuse background, but rather highlight specific aspects of it.
Running on Titan Engine | Context: 8k Tokens | Layers: GPU
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0105550v1

The Far Infrared and Submillimeter Diffuse Extragalactic Backgrou...

The cosmic infrared background (CIB) radiation was a long-sought fossil of energetic processes associated with structure formation and chemical evolution since the Big Bang. The COBE Diffuse Infrared ...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0101105v1

Far-Infrared Source Counts and the Diffuse Infrared Background

The cosmic far-infrared background is now well measured from 140 micron to 1 mm. Uncertainties remain at 100 micron (and even more at 60 micron). These are dominated by limitations of the zodiacal mod...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0701305v1

Detection potential for the diffuse supernova neutrino background...

The large-volume liquid-scintillator detector LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) will provide high-grade background discrimination and enable the detection of diffuse supernova neutrinos (DSN) in an...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/0903.2829v2

Identifying Dark Matter Annihilation Products In The Diffuse Gamm...

Annihilation of cosmologically distributed dark matter is predicted to produce a potentially observable flux of high energy photons. Neglecting the contribution from local structure, this signal is pr...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0105056v1

Microwave Background, Backgrounds Hierarchy - Polyphony of Univer...

We discuss the structure, physical nature, dynamic genesis of clearly detected diffuse backgrounds (radiations) in the Universe. From the point of view of Wave Universe concept it is shown, that obser...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.17175v3

Kicking it Off(-shell) with Direct Diffusion

Off-shell effects in large LHC backgrounds are crucial for precision predictions and, at the same time, challenging to simulate. We present a novel method to transform high-dimensional distributions b...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9509013v1

Faint Blue Galaxies as a Probe of the X-ray Background at High Re...

We present a formalism describing the physical content of cross-correlation functions between a diffuse background and a population of discrete sources. The formalism is used to interpret cross-correl...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.07732v1

First Detection of Galactic Latitude Dependence of Near-Infrared ...

Observational study on near-infrared (IR) scattering properties of interstellar dust grains has been limited due to its faintness. Using all-sky maps obtained from Diffuse Infrared Background Experime...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05466v2

Towards Reliable Identification of Diffusion-based Image Manipula...

Changing facial expressions, gestures, or background details may dramatically alter the meaning conveyed by an image. Notably, recent advances in diffusion models greatly improve the quality of image ...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/1908.01279v2

Automatic segmentation of kidney and liver tumors in CT images

Automatic segmentation of hepatic lesions in computed tomography (CT) images is a challenging task to perform due to heterogeneous, diffusive shape of tumors and complex background. To address the pro...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18560v2

Heavy quark dynamics via Gribov-Zwanziger approach

In this work, we investigate the momentum-dependent drag and diffusion coefficient of heavy quarks (HQs) moving in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) background. The leading order scattering amplitudes requ...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/1308.3343v1

Putting the Diffuse Interstellar Bands on the map - literally!

In a quest to further our understanding of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) as well as the unidentified carriers of the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs), we are mapping DIBs across the sky using...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11464v2

Diffusion of $^{210}\text{Pb}$ and $^{210}\text{Po}$ in Nylon

Radon and its progeny constitute a major source of background in rare-event physics experiments, such as those searching for dark matter, neutrinos, and neutrinoless double beta decay, due to their or...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.03006v2

The Rise of Diffusion Models in Time-Series Forecasting

This survey delves into the application of diffusion models in time-series forecasting. Diffusion models are demonstrating state-of-the-art results in various fields of generative AI. The paper includ...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.09359v1

In-orbit background for X-ray detectors

In-orbit background is an unavoidable feature of all space-borne X-ray detectors, and arises both from cosmic sources (diffuse or point-like) and from the interaction of the detectors themselves with ...
icon https://emedicine.medscape.com/med/3662-overview

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Practice Essentials, ...

Since World War I, it has been recognized that some patients with nonthoracic injuries, severe pancreatitis, massive transfusion, sepsis, and other conditions develop respiratory distress, diffuse lun...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04300v1

Light Up Your Face: A Physically Consistent Dataset and Diffusion...

Face fill-light enhancement (FFE) brightens underexposed faces by adding virtual fill light while keeping the original scene illumination and background unchanged. Most face relighting methods aim to ...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2410.21789v1

HairDiffusion: Vivid Multi-Colored Hair Editing via Latent Diffus...

Hair editing is a critical image synthesis task that aims to edit hair color and hairstyle using text descriptions or reference images, while preserving irrelevant attributes (e.g., identity, backgrou...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2408.16450v2

What to Preserve and What to Transfer: Faithful, Identity-Preserv...

Hairstyle transfer is a challenging task in the image editing field that modifies the hairstyle of a given face image while preserving its other appearance and background features. The existing hairst...
icon http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18830v1

MotionEditor: Editing Video Motion via Content-Aware Diffusion

Existing diffusion-based video editing models have made gorgeous advances for editing attributes of a source video over time but struggle to manipulate the motion information while preserving the orig...